What is meant by 'viewpoint' in literature?

'Viewpoint' in literature refers to the angle from which the story is told, which is crucial for shaping the reader's understanding and emotional engagement with the narrative. This definition encompasses the perspective or lens through which events, characters, and themes are presented to the audience. It can influence how much the reader knows about characters’ thoughts and feelings, how events are interpreted, and the overall tone of the story.

Using a first-person viewpoint offers intimacy but limits knowledge to just that character's experiences. Alternatively, a third-person omniscient viewpoint provides a broader understanding of the story by allowing insight into multiple characters’ thoughts and feelings. The choice of viewpoint guides readers' interpretations and responses to the narrative.

This understanding highlights why recognizing the viewpoint is essential for analyzing how a story is constructed and the effect it has on the reader.